:On the south wall is an illutration of the Ten Wheel Sutra, which is rare among Dunhuang murals. It mainly disseminates the faith in Kistigabha bodhisattva in detail. In composition, it can be divided largely into four areas: I. In the center is a preaching scene and around it are scenes of the assembly on Mt. Khadiraka, beauties above the Buddha; the two hands symbolizing Kistigabha holding a pearl from the clouds, Assembly of the Buddhas from ten directions, and bodhisattvas or celestial gods asking questions to the Buddha, three disciples attending the assembly on behalf of the Buddha, and etc. II. The middle part on the west side, the scenes of Kistigabha saving people from disasters were intended to show that if one recites the name of Kistigabha, he or she will have sufficent food and drink, has his or her desire satisfied, be happy, be free from getting sick, being saved from the prisons, water, fire, or from falling from the cliff to death. III. The upper part on the west side shows various manifestations of Kistigabha (some of the scenes are rendered east upper). According to the sutra, ksitigarbha has fouty-four manifestations and can manifested as a three-headed, six-armed god sitting on a Sumeru throne, a four-armed god sitting on a Sumeru throne, a bodhisattva seated with legs pendent, a Dhyana god, a god talking, a god with palms joined, two gods with palms joined facing a six-armed god, standing images of four lokapalas, a preaching bodhisattva, a dhyana god, a bhiksu sitting in meditation, or a Cakravartin, a common standing khattiya, a naked walking Sudda or Vaisya, or a man, a woman, god, six-armed god holding the sun and moon in hands, running naked man, a lion, an elephant, a horse, a bird, Yama, an officer in the hell, a ghost, a lay person, a fierce dog or a jailer. IV. The east side, stories of Candala are rendered (the Jataka of King Elephant is on the west side), which are mainly are: 1. scenes in the Period of the Termination: three persons hunting in the wild; in a yard, a person carrying a dead animal, two men fighting, and a men bowing to a womon; a bhiksu stretching his arms to a women in a room; in a room a old man sitting on a bed, a person leaning on a stick in front and two maidservants waiting on, looking like treating a patient; a bhiksu descending on a cloud and looking downward above the roof; 2. march of armies: the army of soldiers riding horses to the front, a rider in front led by a layperson and welcomed by three naked people; 3. the Jataka of King Elephant: two elephants on the one side of the mountain and five bhiksus on the other side, the one in the front drawing his bow for a shoot, a large square inscription (obscured) is between the elephants and the bhiksus; 4. stories of King and the criminals: painted in the lower left corner. Inside the towering city wall, there are many people in the temple hall (more than 30 persons). A man rides a horse out of the city gate with a parasol; 5. a Candala annoying the master: below the central preaching scene, a master sitting on a high throne, two bhiksus and two lay Buddhists sitting on two sides, a man standing in the front with half naked chest talking to the master; 6. sin of oil extraction: two women are making somehting; 7. Accumulating merits by giving alms to monks, lighting lamps, building houses, healing patients, reciting sutras, and building (two) pagodas. The lowest paintings are obscured and part of the ground layer has fallen off.