There are four preaching scenes on the space above the entrance wall. On the south side of the entrance, a preaching scene is painted on the upper part, a male and a female donor in the middle, and a row of donor figures and chariots drawn by oxen in the lower part. On the north side, a preaching scene is depicted in the upper part, and a row of male donors and horses in the lower part.

The north wall is divided into three sections from top down, respectively occupied with Thousand-Buddha motif, three Buddhist historical stories, namely 1. two stone Buddha floating on the river in the Western Jin dynasty, 2. a golden image appearing from the rive in Yangzhou in the Eastern Jin, and 3. Emperor Yang of the Sui dynasty welcoming Master Tanyan, and the lower section has seven bodhisattvas.。The story of stone Buddhas floating on the river in the Western Jin painted in the upper of the west side starts from the west end: 1. Two stone Buddha standing on the water worshipped by several monks and secular people on the bank; 2. Taoist priests having a welcoming ceremony; and 3.Some secular people and monks from the Donglin temple carrying the Buddhas to the Tongxuan Temple with a boat and people rushing to the river side to pay respect. The middle and upper part of the south wall depicts the story of a golden image coming out of the river in Yangzhou in the Eastern Jin dynasty. In the picture, a radiating Buddha with a lotus throne and a halo is painted respectively on the left, middle and right, similar to the description in Buddhist texts. Below the throne there is a small boat with a few Bhiksus and sailers going to welcome the Buddha statue. The painting of the large boat has been removed by Langdon Warner, now there is only the picture of the two boat-trackers and a few monks and lay persons remained.。On The east upper wall is depicted the story of Master Tanyan praying for rain, which consists of four scenes arranged like the Chinese character "凹:" 1. In a sedanchair carried by six persons on shoulder sits a monk, the inscription beside reads: "When the Emperor welcoming the Master to his court." 2. A emperor who is followed by four attendants, one of them holding a parasol with a bent handle, bows to the Master. 3. In a palace, a monk sits high on the throne and a emperor leading five attendants kneeling down in front of the steps. It is overcast and the rain is coming soon. 4. In a large tent in the city, a monk sits on a high throne preaching, an emperor sits listening attentively, behind him stands five attendants. There is another scene of a stupa, the inscription reads: "After Master Tanyan preached the Nirvana Sutra in front of the stupa and made a commentary on the sutra, the stupa gave out light for three days."

The west niche with a flat ceiling contains a Buddha seated with legs pendent and flanked by two disciples and bodhisattvas of the Tang dynasty, renovated in the Qing dynasty. The ceiling depicts Bodhi trees, a parasol and two apsaras. The exterior walls are covered with mountain scenes in bas relief (renovated in the Qing dynasty) and the upper part is decorated with incarnated Buddha images and clouds, while the lower part are Buddhas in meditation, beneath these are part of the Five dynasties and Early Tang murals. On both sides out of the niche are decorative patterns.

The upper part is decorated with the thousand-Buddha motif, and the middle part shows five stories from west to east: 1. Emperor Wu of the Western Han obtaining a gold image from the Huns and then sending Zhang Qian to explore the Western Regions; 2. The pond and stone where Sakyamuni washed and dried his kasaya; 3. the miracles of Fo Tucheng; 4. King Asoka worshiping the pagoda of the heretics; and 5 the magic power of Kang Senghui. The lower part has a picture of seven bodhisattvas. The picture of Zhang Qian exploring the Western regions consists of four scenes arranged in the form of Chinese character "凹", and each scene has a clear inscription explaining the events: 1. there is a hall in the upper right corner, in which are two standing Buddhist statues, and the plaque of the hall reads "Ganquan gong," below the hall are the emperor and his ministers worshiping the statues with incense burners or scepters in hands. 2. The emperor rides high on a horse, followed by eight attendants, one holding a bent-handled parasol, and Zhang Qian kneels down with a scepter in hands to bid farewell. His followers hold flags or draw horses. 3. Zhang Qian on his journey. 4. A city appears in the distance, two monks standing out of the gate, there are Buddhist pagodas in the city. In this picture, Zhang Qian and his followers are half hidden behind a mountain, suggesting it is a long and hard journey.The pond and the stone where Sakyamuni washed and dried his kasaya are painted in the middle-upper part of the north wall with the following scenes: 1. Sakyamuni holding his kasaya in his right hand by the water; 2. a devi descending from the sky to wash the kasaya; 3. a heretic Brahman standing barefoot by the square stone with his upper body naked, jumping on to the stone and making the stone dirty; 4. The god of Thunder in the dark cloud above the stone beating his drums; 5. The brahman is killed by the lightning; 6. two devas on the other side are washing the stone. The story of Fo Tucheng consists of three groups of scenes showing his miracles. The upper one depicts Fo Tucheng standing in front of a seven-storeyed pagoda and explaining to people that the sound of the bell seemed to be a bad omen and predicting that a fight would break out beween Shi Hu and Shi Tao. The middle one depicts an emperor under a parasol seated on a bed and watching a monk playing the spellcasting with his ministers, namely Fo Tucheng was preaching Buddhist laws to Shi Hu, when the fire broke out at the four gates of Youzhou, and Fo Tucheng put out the fire by the wine in his hand. The lower one shows a monk with upper body naked sitting by the pond and washing his intestines. According to the records of Fo Tucheng in Vol. 9 of the Biographies of Great Buddhist Masters, there was a hole to the left of Fo Tucheng\'s left breast, and sometimes his intestines would come out from the hole, then he would stuff it with cotton. In the evening when he wanted to read, he would pull out the cotton and it made the room bright. On the fastdays, he would go to the river side, washed his intestines and put them back. The story of Asoka is painted in the lower right corner. Asoka is the king of Magadha in Central India in the third century and he was a devout Buddhist. He had many pagodas built. This picture shows an emperor with his ministers worshiping six heretic pagodas, the one who kneels down is Asoka, because these were non-Buddhist pagodas, then they all collapsed. The upper part of the east side illustrates the story of Kang Senghui, who was a great Buddhist master in the Three-Kingdoms Period. He mainly taught Buddhism in southeast China, and exerted great influence on the southward dissemination of Buddhism. The story consists of four pictures: 1. Kang Senghui sitting in a boat sailing down along the river to Soochow; 2. The lowest picture showing an emperor kneeling down with palms joined in front of a monk indicating Sun Hao welcoming Kang Senghui in kasaya; 3. There is a big tent in the middle, in which the Buddhist relics on a lotus throne radiate a light, and the empeor is talking with the monk out of the tent. This means that the king of Wu kingdom, Sun Quan, did not believe in Buddhism, and he summoned Kang Senghui to ask about his efficacious events. Kang Senhui got the Buddhsit relics by his magic power and the Sun Quan converted to Buddhism and ordered the temple built firstly in Wu kingdom; 4. There are monks watching out side of the temple and some people are carrying woods, and which attempts to show how the temple was constructed.

Thousand Buddha motifs separated from other slopes by draperies

Thousand Buddha motifs separated from other slopes by draperies

Thousand Buddha motifs separated from other slopes by draperies

Thousand Buddha motifs separated from other slopes by draperies

The ceiling center depicts a large medallion surrounded by the draperies which extend to the four slopes.

Three attendant bodhisattvas

Three attendant bodhisattvas

Medallions painted in the Western Xia.

Numbered as cave 324,there remains mural of the Western Xia .

On the south and north side of the entrance wall are respectively painted an illustration of Samantabhadra and of Manjusri. Beneath these murals there are remains of the Thousand Buddha motif of the Five Dynasties and a mural of the Tang dynasty.

Numbered as cave 325, and there is a preaching scene of the Western Xia period

There are three medallion motifs on the west slope (the one on the north side is damaged)